> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.xbox.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Handling a device Presence change

> Track users and add or remove handlers to receive XBOX services device Presence changes when a user signs in to or out of a device.

This article provides example code that uses the XBOX services API (XSAPI) to handle device Presence changes. To receive device Presence notifications, register a handler and track the users that you're interested in. When you no longer need notifications, stop tracking the users and remove the handler.

In the examples, `xboxLiveContext` is an `XblContextHandle` for the signed-in local user, `state` is a title-defined object that stores the handler token, and `LogToFile` is a title-defined logging function. Replace `123` with the XBOX user ID (XUID) of a user whose Presence you want to track.

> [!NOTE]
>
> `XblPresenceSubscribeToDevicePresenceChange` and `XblPresenceUnsubscribeFromDevicePresenceChange` are deprecated. Don't use them in new code. XSAPI manages the Real-Time Activity (RTA) subscriptions for you when you track users with [XblPresenceTrackUsers](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresencetrackusers.md) and stop tracking them with [XblPresenceStopTrackingUsers](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresencestoptrackingusers.md).

## Adding a device Presence change handler

Register a handler that XSAPI calls when the device Presence of a tracked user changes. The function returns 0 if *xblContextHandle* or *handler* is null.

```cpp theme={null}
state.devicePresenceChangedHandlerToken = XblPresenceAddDevicePresenceChangedHandler(
    xboxLiveContext,
    [](void* context, uint64_t xuid, XblPresenceDeviceType deviceType, bool isUserLoggedOnDevice)
    {
        UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(context);
        LogToFile("Device presence change notification received:");
        LogToFile("Xuid = %llu, deviceType = %u, isUserLoggedOnDevice = %u",
            static_cast<unsigned long long>(xuid),
            static_cast<uint32_t>(deviceType),
            static_cast<uint32_t>(isUserLoggedOnDevice));
    },
    nullptr
);

if (state.devicePresenceChangedHandlerToken == 0)
{
    // The handler wasn't registered.
}
```

For more information, see
[XblPresenceDeviceType](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/enums/xblpresencedevicetype.md).

## Tracking users for device Presence changes

Device Presence change handlers receive notifications only for the users that you track with `XblPresenceTrackUsers`. Each call adds users to the existing list of tracked users. You can update the list of tracked users independently from the handlers.

```cpp theme={null}
uint64_t xuids[]{ 123 };

HRESULT hr = XblPresenceTrackUsers(
    xboxLiveContext,
    xuids,
    _countof(xuids)
);
```

Tracking is reference counted. If you track the same user more than once, make a matching `XblPresenceStopTrackingUsers` call for each successful `XblPresenceTrackUsers` call. The list of tracked users applies to both device and title Presence notifications.

## Stopping tracking users

When you no longer need Presence updates for a user, stop tracking the user.

```cpp theme={null}
uint64_t xuids[]{ 123 };

HRESULT hr = XblPresenceStopTrackingUsers(
    xboxLiveContext,
    xuids,
    _countof(xuids)
);
```

## Removing a device Presence change handler

Remove the handler by passing the token that `XblPresenceAddDevicePresenceChangedHandler` returned. Clear the stored token only after the call succeeds.

```cpp theme={null}
HRESULT hr = XblPresenceRemoveDevicePresenceChangedHandler(
    xboxLiveContext,
    state.devicePresenceChangedHandlerToken
);

if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
    state.devicePresenceChangedHandlerToken = 0;
}
```

## See also

[XblPresenceAddDevicePresenceChangedHandler](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresenceadddevicepresencechangedhandler.md)

[XblPresenceRemoveDevicePresenceChangedHandler](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresenceremovedevicepresencechangedhandler.md)

[XblPresenceTrackUsers](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresencetrackusers.md)

[XblPresenceStopTrackingUsers](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresencestoptrackingusers.md)

[Handling a title Presence change](https://docs.xbox.com/services/xbox-services/community/presence/how-to/live-handling-a-title-presence-change.md)


## Related topics

- [Handling a title Presence change](https://docs.xbox.com/services/xbox-services/community/presence/how-to/live-handling-a-title-presence-change.md)
- [Rich Presence example code (contents)](https://docs.xbox.com/services/xbox-services/community/presence/how-to/live-presence-howto-nav.md)
- [How to](https://docs.xbox.com/services/xbox-services/community/presence/how-to/index.md)
- [XblPresenceTrackUsers](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresencetrackusers.md)
- [XblPresenceDevicePresenceChangedHandler](https://docs.xbox.com/reference/live/xsapi-c/presence_c/functions/xblpresencedevicepresencechangedhandler.md)